Личная информация
- Страна местожительства: Palestine
Информация
Ibrahim Abdel Fattah Tuqan (born in 1905 in Nablus , Palestine - died May 2, 1941 in Jerusalem , Palestine ) [3] is a Palestinian poet . He is the full brother of Fadwa Tuqan, nicknamed the Poet of Palestine, and Ahmed Tuqan, Prime Minister of Jordan in the early 1970s .
His intellectual orientations
Like most of his generation, Ibrahim was an advocate of Arab nationalism and resistance against foreign colonialism of Arab lands, especially the British occupation that was oppressing Palestine and working to Judaize it.
His education
He received his primary education at the Rashidieh School in Jerusalem , which followed a modern approach that was different from what schools were like during the Ottoman rule . He completed his secondary education at the Bishop's School in Jerusalem in 1919, where he spent four years, studying under " Nakhla Zurayq ", who had a great influence on teaching him the Arabic language and ancient poetry. He then joined the American University of Beirut in 1923 and stayed there for six years, during which he obtained a university degree in literature in 1929 .
Working life
He returned to teach at Al-Najah School in Nablus , then returned to Beirut to teach at the Syrian Protestant College (which later turned into the American University of Beirut), where he worked as an Arabic language teacher between 1931 and 1933 , after which he returned to Nablus. In 1936, he took over the Arabic section of Al-Quds Radio and was appointed director of Arabic programs, in which he devoted a weekly episode to the poet Hanna Farah because of his great admiration for his articles and poetry, but he did not stay there long as he was dismissed from his job by the British Mandate authorities in 1940 . He then moved to Iraq and worked as a teacher in the High Teachers’ House , then fell ill and returned ill to his homeland, and he was named the University Poet.
His literary culture and poetic creativity
Ibrahim Touqan was born into a rich cultural and intellectual environment . He grew up in a family that was open to life, work, reading and study. His grandfather used to compose poetry and folk songs, and his mother used to read him stories and novels by many writers and authors, such as the stories of Antarah, Abu Zaid al-Hilali, Saif bin Dhi Yazan , and others. As for his father, he prepared him and his brothers for life based on tact, wisdom, and keeping up with the times in terms of development and acquiring knowledge.
Then he had the opportunity while a student in Jerusalem to meet the great professor Nakhla Zureiq , who brought Ibrahim Tuqan closer to the Arabic language and ancient poetry. His period of residence in Beirut , while studying at the American University for six years, had a great impact on shaping his cultural personality and refining his creative talent. During his academic journey and pursuit of knowledge, he was able to master several foreign languages, such as English , in addition to other languages such as Turkish , German , and Spanish . He also met in Beirut with an elite group of writers and thinkers, such as Wajih Al-Baroudi , Hafez Jamil , and Omar Farroukh , where they formed a literary circle together under the title “Dar Al-Nadwa.” He was also closely related to the poet Bechara Al-Khoury , known as Al-Akhtal Al-Saghir.
Since his childhood, Ibrahim Touqan was attached to the Holy Qur’an , through its clarification and eloquence. Moreover, he was always reading books on Arabic language and literature .
Ibrahim Toukan wrote many poems and poems for various goals and purposes, but his poetry was dominated by the purpose of belonging to the homeland, in which he expressed the concerns of the homeland and its people, especially during the period when Palestine was under the control of the British occupation . [4] His poems and patriotic anthems spread throughout Palestine, making him known as the Poet of Palestine and extending throughout the Arab world . The other purpose in which he excelled was the purpose of spinning, in which he mixed the emotions of love with the emotions of pain.
His death
Ibrahim Tuqan's journey in this life took about thirty-six years, during which he was a student of knowledge, a poet, a teacher of generations, and a writer in Palestinian newspapers, magazines, and radio. But the painful situation that he lived in due to the circumstances of the country did not represent his sadness. Rather, since his childhood, he had been suffering from a group of diseases that exhausted his body and made him weak in structure, in addition to ear pain. He was suffering from stomach ulcers and intestinal infections . These diseases accompanied him throughout his life, and he was not free from them until the day came when he was receiving his degree from the American University. While on the podium of honor, he felt pain that drowned his joy.
In any case, the short years of his life that he lived were full of literary and struggle efforts, and he did not succumb to pain until the second Friday of May 1941 and he died in Nablus and was buried there. Following his death, a memorial ceremony was held with the participation of writers from all over Palestine at Al-Najah National School in June 1941.
Although decades have passed since his death, his poems remain immortal, and perhaps the anthem “ My Homeland ,” which is heard every morning in schoolyards and educational institutes, is the best evidence of that.
His poetic works
He published his poetry in Arab newspapers and magazines. His collection of poems was published after his death under the title Diwan Ibrahim Tuqan, and several editions were issued.
Diwan Ibrahim Tuqan (1st edition: Dar Al-Sharq Al-Jadeed, Beirut, 1955 AD).
Diwan Ibrahim Tuqan (2nd edition: Dar Al-Adab, Beirut, 1965 AD).
Diwan Ibrahim Tuqan (3rd edition: Dar Al-Quds, Beirut, 1975 AD).
Diwan Ibrahim Tuqan (4th edition: Dar Al Awda, Beirut, 1988 AD).
His most famous works
Among his most famous poems, which he wrote in the 1930s :
My Homeland , spread throughout the Arab world , and has become the unofficial anthem of the Palestinian people ever since. It was adopted as the anthem of Iraq after the American invasion of Iraq .
The poem "O Martyr of the Nation " was composed by Amin Bshishi and spread throughout the Arab world.
The Commander's Poem The Revelation of Youth
The poem “ My Homeland: You Are Mine and the Opponent is Raghim ,” was composed by the Fleifel brothers and sung by the Iraqi chanting group
Poem of increasing clay.
Source
Достижения и награды
- key_active_year
: key_active_from
key_active_to