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Mohammed Khair-Eddine, also known as "The Blue Bird," is considered one of the most prominent Moroccan literary figures of the 20th century.[1] He hails from a Berber family in the Souss region, specifically from the city of Tafraout.
The Moroccan poet and novelist Mohammed Khair-Eddine was born in the village of Azrouadou, part of the Tafraout municipality in the Tiznit province. His family migrated to Casablanca, where Mohammed grew up. He left school early and, at the age of 20, worked as a social security representative from 1961 to 1963 in Agadir and then in Casablanca.
He emigrated to France
in 1967, resigning from his position and fleeing to Paris to escape legal prosecution for his participation in the March 1965 uprising. Three years later, he joined the student revolution in France (May 1968). He was among the students who occupied the Odéon theater in Paris. Because he realized that the "bluebird" cannot breathe freely in a confined space nor soar high in low skies, Paris illuminated his path with its lights, and Sartre published his poem "The King" in the opening editorial of his renowned magazine, "Les Temps Modernes."
Upon his return to Morocco
, Mohamed Khair-Eddine came back in 1979 after an absence of sixteen years and remained in his homeland until his death from a terminal illness.
His story with writing:
Mohamed began writing poetry as a teenager. He published his poems in the newspaper "La Vigie Marocaine." His poems were crafted in the classical style and written in elegant French. In the 1960s, he emerged as one of the most brilliant modern poets, alongside Tahar Ben Jelloun, Abdellatif Laâbi, Mustapha Nissabouri, and Abdelkebir Khatibi. These poets had gathered around Laâbi and his magazine, "Anfas" (Breaths). Khair-Eddine
's first work,
"Black Nausea," was published in London in 1964, comprising poems that conveyed a profound existential despair. In 1967, the French publishing house Seuil published his masterpiece, "Agadir," written in the aftermath of the 1960 earthquake that devastated the Moroccan city. The manuscript was originally titled "The Investigation" before the publisher suggested changing the name to "Agadir." In this masterpiece, we discover a poet consumed by resentment, deeply affected by the suffering he witnessed in the city after the earthquake, and armed with irony and defiance. The following year, Seuil published his verse novel, "The Negative Body," in which he further developed his rebellious style through a breathtakingly poetic narrative. In 1969, he collected poems reflecting a sharp sense of despair and rebellion in a volume titled "Spider Sun." His works, published by Éditions du Seuil, followed in quick succession:
The King (1966),
Agadir (1967),
The Negative Body (1968),
Spider Sun (1969)
, I Am the Sharp-Tempered (1970),
The Gravedigger
(1973), This Morocco (1975),
The Scent of Mantèque (1976),
The Life and Dream of a People Always Wandering (1978),
The Resurrection of Wild Flowers (1981),
The Legend and Life of Agoun'chich (1984),
Once Upon a Time, a Happy Couple (1993)
After returning to Morocco, Mohamed Khair-Eddine published a new collection of poems entitled "The Rebirth of Wild Roses." While in Morocco, he regularly published occasional pieces in the French-language newspaper "Al Maghrib," which was published in the 1980s. These pieces formed the basis of a new novel in which he delved deeply into his ancient Soussian origins. The novel was published, as usual, by the French publishing house Seuil in 1984 under the title "The Legend and Life of Aghounchich."
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