Personal Info
- Country of residence: Palestine
Information
Muhammad Farid Khurshid al-Adnani (26 March 1903 – 5 August 1981) was a Palestinian poet, fiction writer and linguist. Born and educated in Jenin, Gaza and Tulkarm, he moved to the American University of Beirut and earned his degree in 1927. He practiced education in a number of Arab countries, and ended his educational life as a teacher at the Syrian University, then the University of Aleppo. He changed the surname from "Khurshid" to "Adnani" in 1936. He has poetry collections, studies, lexicons and stories. He died in Beirut.
Biography
Muhammad Farid Abdullah Khurshid al-Adnani was born on March 26, 1903/27 Dhu al-Hijjah 1320 in Jenin and grew up there. He studied primary and preparatory school in Tulkarm, Gaza and Damascus, where his father moved on because of his work as governor of Jenin in the Ottoman era, then to Tulkarm, Gaza, Jerusalem, Damascus and Sidon. Mohammed Adnani finished high school at the Sidon School of Arts in 1920, then attended the Faculty of Medicine in Beirut and studied there for four years before turning to the Faculty of Arts at the American University of Beirut, where he graduated in 1927.
He taught at the Central Secondary Teachers' House in Baghdad, An-Najah National College in Nablus from 1931 to 1933, and Rashidiya College in Jerusalem from 1933 to 1942, and was then appointed director of Makassed College in Saida for three years.
British Mandate authorities arrested him while he was staying in Jerusalem three times, accusing him of killing the director of the Palestinian Museum in Jerusalem. He was exiled to Jaffa in 1942 and placed under house arrest until the end of World War II in 1945, during which time he taught at the Amiriyah School in Jaffa.
In the days of the Nakba of 1948, in May 1948 he was a hospital inmate in Jerusalem, then took refuge in the city of Zarqa, Jordan, and after a short stay of no more than six months, he left for Syria, and stayed in Damascus for a period during which he practiced teaching at its university and at the teachers' house, and then went to Aleppo, where he studied Arabic at its university, and his name emerged and became famous in the cultural and literary circles there.
He was appointed president of the Orwa Literary Trust Society at the American University of Beirut, and president of the Palestinian National Union in Idlib and Aleppo governorates during the unification between Egypt and Syria.
Adnani died on 5 August 1981/5 Shawwal 1401 in Beirut, and was buried in the Martyrs' Cemetery there.
His hair
He signed his poetry as "Muhammad Khorshid" until 1936, and then chose the name "Muhammad al-Adnani" after that, because of its national connotation, as Khurshid is a Persian word, and by him he became famous. In al-Babtain's dictionary, he stated that "he adhered to the vertical poem and renewed in its purposes and themes, so he organized in spinning, lamentation and nostalgia, and the diversity of his poetry between the sentimental and the nationalist, so he organized in national and social events such as his poem «The Revelation of Eid - The Revelation of the Birthplace» and his poem «Pharmacists of the Baths» in pride of the Arabs and their struggle, which is lengthy with a historical sense of recording, and he has a poem in welcoming the visit of the leader Gamal Abdel Nasser to Damascus that reveals his national inclination, and another in praise of the Algerian activist Jamila Bouherd, as he traces national occasions To commemorate it as his poem on the tenth anniversary of the Nakba of Palestine, his poetry was distinguished by the precision and beauty of the word, the strength and clarity of meaning and the durability of the compositions."
Compositions
From his poetic books:
- "The Flames", poetry of 1954.
- "The Epic of Motherhood", poetry, 1957.
- "The Dawn of Arabism", poetry of 1960.
- "The Dress", poetry of 1965.
- "The Kindergarten", 1965.
- Adnaniyat (three volumes), Poetry, 1984.
From his studies:
- «Prince of poets Shawki»
- «Abu Bakr»
From his stories:
- "In bed", a realistic story
- «Children's Stories»
- "Global Stories for Boys and Events", a series of more than 80 stories in partnership with Rose Gharib
His works in language include:
- «Simple grammar»
- «Expression»
- «Al Rawda Archives»
- "Dictionary of Contemporary Linguistic Errors", 1984.
- Dictionary of Common Errors, 1989.
Source
Achievements and Awards
Awards
First prize in a poetry competition entitled "The War of the Pilots" by the poets of Palestine and Jordan.
1978: Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) Revolution Shield for Arts and Literature.
- Years in active
: From
To